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Oliver Cromwell It has been noted by many that Oliver Cromwell had dealings in and about Euxton village, Lancashire, but especially with Commissary Farm in the Yarrow Valley, of Civil War days. This article however is primarily about the Cromwell that was Puritan and allowed religious freedom throughout England. Oliver Cromwell was born in central England at Huntingdon, in 1599. He was educated in a grammar school and spent time in the Calvinist-dominated Sidney Sussex College, of the University of Cambridge. It was during this time that the Authorised version of the Bible was translated and published (1611) and made available in every church throughout the land. Cromwell married the daughter of a prominent London merchant, in 1620, living first at Huntingdon and later at Saint Ives in Cambridgeshire. In 1636, he had the good fortune to inherit, from an uncle, both land and a minor office in the cathedral town of Ely. Cromwell soon became a very able estate manager and his fortunes grew, soon he became one of Ely's wealthiest men. During these years of development and maturity, Cromwell experienced a religious conversion, in which he came to believe that he had been chosen for eternal salvation. This event decisively changed his life. The conversion caused Cromwell to draw close with friends and relatives that shared his appreciation of Christ and Salvation. During this time, King Charles 1, had ignored Parliament, and had governed without calling Parliament. When Charles was forced to call Parliament in 1640 to raise money to put down a rebellion in Scotland, Cromwell, and friends sought selection to Parliament. Cromwell had became a part of a network of people unhappy with the government of Charles I, and they believed was ruling in an capricious and unbecoming way and was not doing enough to suppress the interfering international Roman Catholic hierarchy of the day (mainly of Spain and Rome). When Parliament convened, Cromwell and his friends entered the House of Commons ready to challenge the king. The rest is written in history elsewhere: the English civil war and rule by Cromwell as Lord Protector. Little is said about Cromwells conversion, faith and religious tolerance, Cromwell had succeeded in establishing a broad church with complete freedom for "all" Christian Sects to worship as they wished, outside of the national church. In this time Cromwell built up national prestige, and his religious tolerance was extended to the Jews, who were allowed to settle in England for the first time since 1290. Cromwell was more tolerant in his later years and even as an "avowed" Puritan since his young maturing age, he did not ban music, wine, or dancing at his court. Cromwell died in 1658 and was buried Westminster Abbey. |
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